Network Address Translation or NAT, is a process of converting or translating a set of IP addresses to another set of IP addresses. Benefits of NAT: Solve IPv4 exhaustion issue by conserving IP address space. Cost effective as can connect multiple devices to Internet without to purchase multiple public IP Enhance security by hiding the internal devices on a private network behind single public IP Simplifies network reconfiguration as internal IP are hidden from external networks Easy to manage and…
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Here is a simple tutorial on tracing access users on Huawei Router. There are few ways to trace access-user based on the given information and most common are circuit-id, ip-address,ipv6-address and mac-address. [~Huawei]trace access-user object 1 ? access-mode The access mode calling-number The Calling Number ce-vlan The CE VLAN ID circuit-id User’s circuit-id interface The interface ip-address The IP address ipv6-address IPv6 address mac-address The MAC address pe-vlan The PE VLAN ID remote-id User’s remote-id tunnel-id User Tunnel ID user-name…
Here are the sample steps on finding the interface where the host is connected based on IP address or MAC address on Cisco Catalyst L3 Switch running on Cisco IOS Scenario 1: IP address is given, find which interface it is connected IP address: 192.168.0.35 a. Find the routing entry for the IP to know where it is connected show ip route <IP> SWITCH1#show ip route 192.168.0.35 Routing entry for 192.168.0.32/29 Known via “connected”, distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via…
Here are the sample steps on finding the interface where the host is connected based on IP address or MAC address on Juniper Routers. Scenario 1: IP address is given, find which interface it is connected IP address: 192.168.15.6 a. Find the routing entry for the IP to know where it is connected show route <IP> darwin@JUNIPER-re0> show route 192.168.15.6 inet.0: 3 destinations, 6 routes (3321 active, 0 holddown, 3 hidden) + = Active Route, – = Last Active, *…
Here are the sample steps on finding the interface where the host is connected based on IP address or MAC address on Cisco Switch Nexus 7000 series running in Nexus OS. Scenario 1: IP address is given, find which interface it is connected IP address: 192.168.15.6 a. Find the routing entry for the IP to know where it is connected show ip route <IP> NEXUS7000# show ip route 192.168.15.6 IP Route Table for VRF “default” ‘*’ denotes best ucast next-hop…
Note: This steps are based on bridge domain/VPLS setup on Cisco ASR 9000 running Cisco IOS-XR. For normal routed interfaces, you can find it using the command: show arp <interface> Scenario 1: IP address is given, find which interface it is connected IP address: 192.168.15.6 a. Find the routing entry for the IP to know where it is connected show route <IP> RP/0/RSP1/CPU0:ASR9K#show route 192.168.15.6 Routing entry for 192.168.15.0/29 Known via “connected”, distance 0, metric 0 (connected) Installed May 16…
According to dictionary.com, the word “mnemonics” a device such as a pattern of letters, ideas, or associations that assists in remembering something.In the world of networking, for us to easily remember how technology works is by using mnemonics. Here are popular handy mnemonics that can help us. Emergency (0) Every Alert (1) Awesome Critical (2) Cisco Error (3) Engineer Warning (4) Will Notifications (5) Need Information (6) Ice-cream Debug (7) Daily 2. DHCP Process”DORA” Discover D Offer O Request R…
Objective: To separate management traffic from data/customer traffic on your Cisco Catalyst 4500 L3 Switch Preferably, Data and Management are into 2 separate network domains. Pre-requisite: UTP cable to connect to management port (via FastEthernet 1) and the other end is connected to a network switch to access the OOB management gateway Tested on Cisco IOS Version 15.1 (Cisco Catalyst 4948E) * * Management IP Configuration* * 1. Configure the vrf for management vrf definition management ! address-family ipv4 exit-address-family ! address-family ipv6…
Cisco BVI (Bridge Virtual Interface) enables Layer 3 routing on a bridge group, connecting different Layer 2 networks. BVI (Bridge Group Virtual Interface) is a routed interface that represents a set of interfaces that gets bridge. Here is the sample Bridge Virtual Interface (BVI) Configuration on Cisco ASR 9000. Fig1. Configuration: RP/0/RSP1/CPU0:ASR9000#configure Configure the interface interface GigE0/0/0/0 description Connection to Server1 eth0 l2transport Configure the l2vpn l2vpn bridge group 1000 bridge-domain 1000 interface GigE0/0/0/0 routed interface BVI1000 3.Configure the Bridge…
Interface description is one of the most important configuration when bringing up interfaces between two devices. In a bundle or port-channel interface, there is a way to find the partner interface or which member in that bundle is your interface or port is connected especially if there’s no description or outdated. Here are the steps and commands to find LACP partner interface or port in Cisco Router and Switch Fig1.1 (Cisco IOS-XR) Assuming we have this Fig1.1, two…
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