As per Cisco definition:
Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) provides redundancy for IP networks, ensuring that user traffic immediately and transparently recovers from first hop router failures. HSRP allows multiple routers on a single LAN to share a virtual IP and MAC address which is configured as the default gateway on the hosts. From the group of routers configured in an HSRP group, there is one router elected as the active router and another as a standby router. The active router assumes the role of forwarding packets sent to the virtual IP address. If the active router fails, the standby router takes over as the new active router.
Sample Diagram (Fig.A).
Two ASR9K routers are connected to each other.
Fig.A
Sample Configuration:
1. Configure the IP address of the routers
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:R1#conf
interface Gi0/0/0/0
description Connect to R2
ipv4 address 10.10.0.2 255.255.255.0
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:R2#conf
interface Gi0/0/0/0
description Connect to R1
ipv4 address 10.10.0.3 255.255.255.0
2. Configure HSRP
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:R1#conf
router hsrp
interface Gi0/0/0/0
address-family ipv4
hsrp 88
preempt
priority 200
address 10.10.0.1
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:R2#conf
router hsrp
interface Gi0/0/0/0
address-family ipv4
hsrp 88
preempt
priority 100
address 10.10.0.1
Note:
The standby preempt command enables the HSRP router with the highest priority to immediately become the active router. Priority is determined first by the configured priority value, and then by the IP address. In each case, a higher value is of greater priority. When a higher priority router preempts a lower priority router, the router sends a Coup message. When a lower priority active router receives a Coup message or a Hello message from an active, higher priority router, the router changes to the Speak state and sends a resign message.
3.Verify:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:R1#show hsrp Gi0/0/0/0
IPv4 Groups:
P indicates configured to preempt.
|
Interface Grp Pri P State Active addr Standby addr Group addr
Gi0/0/0/0 88 200 P Active local unknown 10.10.0.1
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:R2#show hsrp Gi0/0/0/0
IPv4 Groups:
P indicates configured to preempt.
|
Interface Grp Pri P State Active addr Standby addr Group addr
Gi0/0/0/0 88 100 P Standby unknown unknown 10.10.0.1
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